Guide to the citizenship test
Law-based answers about Portugal's new nationality test — updated with every official publication.
01
The test
23 articlesOverview · 7 min
Portugal's 2026 citizenship test: the complete guide
What the new nationality test under Organic Law 1/2026 is, who must take it, the 5 themes, and what the pending regulation still has to define.
Comparison · 10 min
Who is exempt from the citizenship test in Europe
Difficulty · 9 min
Is Portugal's citizenship test hard? What we can measure
Europe · 9 min
Citizenship tests in Europe: pass marks from 51.5% to 80%
Exam language · 9 min
Can you take Portugal's citizenship test in English?
Failing · 9 min
You failed the exam. What happens to your application?
Format · 8 min
Portugal's citizenship test format: questions and pass mark
Glossary · 9 min
Portuguese words to know for the citizenship test
Myths · 7 min
Portuguese citizenship test myths: 12 claims corrected
Official site · 10 min
Portugal's citizenship test: is there an official site?
Preparation · 5 min
How to prepare for the citizenship test with no syllabus
Sample questions · 9 min
Portugal citizenship test: a dozen questions, with sources
Self-check · 7 min
Am I ready for the Portuguese citizenship test? 4 checks
Test · Data · 9 min
Hardest questions on the Portuguese citizenship test prep
The 5 themes · 8 min
Portugal's citizenship test: the 5 themes and their limits
The State · 8 min
How local government works in Portugal: a test guide
The State · EU · 8 min
When did Portugal join the EU? What new citizens should know
Theme · Culture · 9 min
Portuguese culture for the citizenship test: what to study
Theme · History · 8 min
Portuguese history for the citizenship test: the key dates
Theme · Rights · 9 min
Rights and duties that come with Portuguese nationality
Theme · Symbols · 8 min
Portugal's national symbols: the one theme you can finish
Theme · The State · 9 min
How the Portuguese State is organised: a fixed perimeter
Tools · 6 min
Apps for the Portuguese citizenship test, compared
02
The law and who it applies to
26 articlesThe new law · 6 min
Portugal's new nationality law: the 7 and 10-year rules
Who counts 7 years, who counts 10, when the clock starts, and why applications filed before 19 May 2026 escape the new rules entirely.
Attribution · 9 min
Born in Portugal to foreign parents: the 3 routes
Before and after · 8 min
Portugal's new nationality law: what changed in 2026
Brazilians · 5 min
Do Brazilians have to take Portugal's citizenship test?
Children in care · 9 min
Children in residential care: who files for citizenship
Convictions · 9 min
A conviction is a presumption you can rebut
CPLP mobility · 9 min
CPLP mobility: when the residence clock starts
Criminal record · 9 min
Which convictions block Portuguese citizenship
De facto union · 9 min
De facto union: the court step before the paperwork
Equality statute · 9 min
Equality statute: what it gives a Brazilian
Exemptions · 9 min
Exemptions from Portugal's citizenship test: who is covered
Former colonies · 9 min
Born in Goa, Angola or Macau: are you Portuguese?
Golden visa · 9 min
Golden visa to Portuguese citizenship: now 10 years
Grandchildren · 6 min
Grandchildren of Portuguese citizens: the test applies too
Immigration law · 9 min
CPLP residence permit: the visa rule changed
Law vs regulation · 10 min
The regulation and the law now disagree
Minor children · 8 min
I became Portuguese — what happens to my minor children?
Minors · 10 min
Do children have to take Portugal's citizenship test?
Parent route · 8 min
Portuguese citizenship through your child: closed in 2026
Pending applications · 8 min
Filed before 19 May 2026? Portugal's test does not apply
Requirements · 8 min
Portugal citizenship requirements, route by route
Statelessness · 8 min
Stateless in Portugal: citizenship after four years
The law · 9 min
Can Portugal take away your nationality?
The marriage route · 9 min
Married to a Portuguese citizen: three years, one form
Two routes · 10 min
Attribution or acquisition: does the nationality test apply?
When it ends · 9 min
Divorced from a Portuguese spouse: what closes, when
03
Language and process
26 articlesCIPLE or test · 9 min
CIPLE or citizenship test: which one do you actually need?
Two separate requirements: A2 language, and civic knowledge. The CIPLE is one of six ways to prove the language, and some applicants skip it.
A2 level · 9 min
Proving A2 Portuguese without the CIPLE: five other routes
Access to law · 9 min
Portuguese legal aid when you live outside Portugal
After registration · 9 min
You are Portuguese now: what to get, in what order
AIMA or IRN · 10 min
Where do you apply for Portuguese citizenship — AIMA or IRN?
Apostille · 9 min
EU documents need no apostille in Portugal
Booking · 9 min
How to book the Portuguese citizenship test in 2026
Born in Portugal · 9 min
Born in Portugal, foreign parents, applying as an adult
Costs · 9 min
Portuguese citizenship fees: who pays nothing
Costs and help · 10 min
Do you need a lawyer for Portuguese citizenship?
Country by country · 9 min
Portugal dual citizenship: does your country allow it?
Documents · 9 min
Documents for a Portuguese citizenship application: four
Dual nationality · 8 min
Brazil and Portugal: can you hold both nationalities?
Effective connection · 9 min
Effective connection to Portugal: the four presumptions
Family filings · 8 min
Joining a family's citizenship applications in Portugal
Foreign divorce · 9 min
Foreign divorce: when Portugal needs a court to confirm
From abroad · 10 min
Appealing a Portuguese nationality refusal from abroad
Language exam · 8 min
Portuguese language test for citizenship: the A2 level
Minors · 9 min
The four minor routes: which one is your child's?
Process · 8 min
Registering a foreign marriage in Portugal
Refusal · 10 min
Nationality application refused: what to do, and by when
Residence · 9 min
AIMA delay: what a court can actually order
Stalled application · 8 min
Portuguese citizenship application stuck: what to do
Timeline · 10 min
How long does Portuguese citizenship really take in 2026?
Where · 9 min
Where will you take Portugal's citizenship test?
Your route · 9 min
Which nationality route is yours? The IRN's 24 named types